To Unique and Unusual
Metaphysical Books
New Atlantis
NEW ATLANTIS
End of Voyage
and Entrance into the City
We sailed from Peru (where we had continued by the space of one whole
year) for China and Japan, by the South Sea, taking with us victuals for
twelve months; and had good winds from the east, though soft and weak,
for five months' space and more. But then the wind came about, and settled
in the west for many days, so as we could make little or no way, and were
sometimes in purpose to turn back. But then again there arose strong and
great winds from the south, with a point east; which carried us up, for
all that we could do, towards the north; by which time our victuals failed
us, though we had made good spare of them. So that finding ourselves in
the midst of the greatest wilderness of waters in the world without victual,
we gave ourselves for lost men, and prepared for death. Yet we did lift
up our hearts and voices to God above, who "showeth his wonders in
the deep," beseeching him of his mercy, that as in the beginning he
discovered the face of the deep, and brought forth dry land, so he would
now discover land to us that we mought not perish.
And it came to pass that the next day about evening we saw within a
kenning (1) before us, towards the north, as it were thick
(1) Perceptible
distance.
clouds, which did put us in some hope of land; knowing how that part
of the South Sea was utterly unknown; and might have islands or continents
that hitherto were not come to light. Wherefore we bent our course thither,
where we saw the appearance of land, all that night; and in the dawning
of the next day, we might plainly discern that it was a land, flat to our
sight, and full of boscage, (2) which made it show the more dark.
And after an hour and a half's sailing, we entered into a good haven, being
the port of a fair city: not great indeed, but well built, and that gave
a pleasant view from the sea. And we thinking every minute long till we
were on land came close to the shore and offered to land. But straightways
we saw divers of the people, with bastons (3) in their hands, as
it were, forbidding us to land: yet without any cries or fierceness, but
only as warning us off by signs that they made. Whereupon being not a little
discomforted, we were advising with ourselves what we should do.
During which time there made forth to us a small boat with about eight
persons in it, whereof one of them had in his hand a tipstaff (4)
of a yellow cane, tipped at both ends with blue, who came aboard our ship,
without any show of distrust at all. And when he saw one of our number
present himself somewhat afore the rest, he drew forth a little scroll
of parchment (somewhat yellower than our parchment and shining like the
leaves of writing tables, but otherwise soft and flexible), and delivered
it to our
(2) Woods.
(3) Staves.
(4) A staff
carried as symbol of authority.
foremost man. In which scroll were written in ancient Hebrew, and in
ancient Greek, and in good Latin of the School, (5) and in Spanish,
these words: "Land ye not, none of you, and provide to be gone from
this coast within sixteen days, except you have further time given you.
Meanwhile, if you want fresh water, or victual, or help for your sick,
or that your ship needeth repair, write down your wants, and you shall
have that which belongeth to mercy." This scroll was signed with a
stamp of cherubin's wings, not spread, but hanging downwards; and by them
a cross. This being delivered, the officer returned, and left only a servant
with us to receive our answer.
Consulting hereupon amongst ourselves, we were much perplexed. The
denial of landing, and hasty warning us away, troubled us much: on the
other side, to find that the people had (6) languages, and were
so full of humanity, did comfort us not a little. And above all, the sign
of the cross to that instrument was to us a great rejoicing, and as it
were a certain presage of good. Our answer was in the Spanish tongue, "That
for our ship, it was well; for we had rather met with calms and contrary
winds, than any tempests. For our sick, they were many, and in very ill
case; so that if they were not permitted to land, they ran in danger of
their lives." Our other wants we set down in particular, adding, "That
we had some little store of merchandise, which if it
(5) Classical
Latin.
(6) Knew.
pleased them to deal for, it might supply our wants, without being
chargeable unto them." We offered some reward in pistolets (7)
unto the servant, and a piece of crimson velvet to be presented to the
officer: but the servant took them not, nor would scarce look upon them;
and so left us, and went back in another little boat which was sent for
him.
(7) Spanish
coins.
About three hours after we had dispatched our answer there came towards
us a person (as it seemed) of place (8) He had on him a gown with
wide sleeves, of a kind of water chamolet, (9) of an excellent azure
color, far more glossy than ours; his under apparel was green, and so was
his hat, being in the form of a turban, daintily made, and not so huge
as the Turkish turbans; and the locks of his hair came down below the brims
of it. A reverend man was he to behold. He came in a boat, gilt in some
parts of it, with four persons more only in that boat; and was followed
by another boat, wherein were some twenty. When he was come within a flight-shot
(10) of our ship, signs were made to us that we should send forth
some to meet him upon the water, which we presently did in our ship-boat,
sending the principal man amongst us save one, and four of our number with
him.
(8) Man of
authority.
(9) A fabric
made of goat's hair.
(10) Distance
an arrow can be shot.
When we were come within six yards of their boat, they called to us
to stay, and not to approach farther, which we did. And thereupon the man
whom I before described stood up, and with a loud voice, in Spanish, asked,
"Are ye Christians?" We answered, we were; fearing the less,
because of the cross we had seen in the subscription. At which answer the
said person lift up his right hand towards heaven, and drew it softly to
his mouth (which is the gesture they use when they thank God), and then
said: "If ye will swear, all of you, by the merits of the Saviour,
that ye are no pirates, nor have shed blood, lawfully nor unlawfully, within
forty days past, you may have license to come on land." We said we
were all ready to take that oath. Whereupon one of those that were with
him, being (as it seemed) a notary, made an entry of this act. Which done,
another of the attendants of the great person, which was with him in the
same boat, after his lord had spoken a little to him, said aloud: "My
lord would have you know that it is not of pride, or greatness, that he
cometh not aboard your ship: but for that, in your answer, you declare
that you have many sick amongst you, he was warned by the Conservator of
Health of the city that he should keep a distance." We bowed ourselves
towards him, and answered we were his humble servants; and accounted for
great honor and singular humanity towards us, that which was already done;
but hoped well that the nature of the sickness of our men was not infectious.
So he returned; and a while after came the notary to us aboard our ship,
holding in his hand a fruit of that country, like an orange, but of color
between orange-tawny and scarlet, which cast a most excellent odor. He
used it (as it seemed) for a preservative against infection. He gave us
our oath, "By the name of Jesus, and his merits"; and after told
us that the next day, by six of the clock in the morning, we should be
sent to, and brought to the Strangers' House (so he called it), where we
should be accommodated of things, both for our whole and for our sick.
So he left us; and when we offered him some pistolets, he smiling said
he must not be twice paid for one labor: meaning (as I take it) that he
had salary sufficient of the state for his service. For (as I after learned)
they call an officer that taketh rewards twice-paid.
The next morning early there came to us the same officer that came
to us at first with his cane, and told us: "He came to conduct us
to the Strangers' House; and that he had prevented (11) the hour,
because we might have the whole day before us for our business. For (said
he) if you will follow my advice, there shall first go with me some few
of you, and see the place, and how it may be made convenient for you; and
then you may send for your sick, and the rest of your number, which ye
will bring on land." We thanked him, and said that this care which
he took of desolate strangers, God would reward. And so six of us went
on land with him; and when we were on land, he went before us, and turned
to us, and said he was but our servant, and our guide. He led us through
three fair streets; and all the way we went there were gathered some people
on both sides, standing in a row; but in so civil a fashion, as if it had
been not to wonder at us but to welcome us! and divers of them, as we passed
by them, put their arms a little abroad, which is their gesture when they
bid any welcome.
(11) Anticipated.
The Strangers' House is a fair and spacious house built of brick, of
somewhat a bluer color than our brick; and with handsome windows, some
of glass, some of a kind of cambric oiled. He brought us first into a fair
parlor above stairs, and then asked us what number of persons we were?
and how many sick? We answered we were in all (sick and whole) one and
fifty persons, whereof our sick were seventeen. He desired us to have patience
a little, and to stay till he came back to us, which was about an hour
after; and then he led us to see the chambers which were provided for us,
being in number nineteen. They having cast (12) it (as it seemeth)
that four of those chambers, which were better than the rest, might receive
four of the principal men of our company; and lodge them alone by themselves;
and the other fifteen chambers were to lodge us, two and two together.
The chambers were handsome and cheerful chambers, and furnished civilly.
Then he led us to a long gallery, like a dorture, (l3) where he
showed us all along the one side (for the other side was but wall and window)
seventeen cells, very neat ones, having partitions of cedar wood. Which
gallery and cells, being in all forty (many more than we needed), were
instituted as an infirmary for sick persons. And he told us withal that
as any of our sick waxed well, he might be removed from his cell to a chamber:
for which purpose there were set forth ten spare chambers, besides the
number we spake of before. This done, he brought us back to the parlor,
and lifting up his cane a little (as they do when they give any charge
or command), said to us, "Ye are to know that the custom of the land
requireth that after this day and tomorrow (which we give you for removing
your people from your ship), you are to keep within doors for three days.
But let it not trouble you, nor do not think yourselves restrained, but
rather left to your ease and rest. You shall want nothing, and there are
six of our people appointed to attend you for any business you may have
abroad." We gave him thanks with all affection and respect, and said,
"God surely is manifested in this land." We offered him also
twenty pistolets; but he smiled, and only said:
"What? twice paid! " And so he left us.
(12) Arranged.
(13) Dormitory.
Soon after our dinner was served in; which was right good viands, both
for bread and meat: better than any collegiate diet (14) that I
have known in Europe. We had also drink of three sorts, all wholesome and
good; wine of the grape; a drink of grain, such as is with us our ale,
but more clear; and a kind of cider made of a fruit of that country; a
wonderful pleasing and refreshing drink. Besides, there were brought in
to us great store of those scarlet oranges for our sick; which (they said)
were an assured remedy for sickness taken at sea. There was given us also
a box of small gray or whitish pills, which they wished our sick should
take, one of the pills every night before sleep; which (they said) would
hasten their recovery.
(14) Meals
in a college hall.
The next day, after that our trouble of carriage and removing of our
men and goods out of our ship was somewhat settled and quiet, I thought
good to call our company together, and when they were assembled, said unto
them, "My dear friends, let us know ourselves, and how it standeth
with us. We are men cast on land, as Jonas was out of the whale's belly,
when we were as buried in the deep; and now we are on land, we are but
between death and life, for we are beyond both the Old World and the New;
and whether ever we shall see Europe, God only knoweth. It is a kind of
miracle hath brought us hither, and it must be little less than shall bring
us hence. Therefore in regard of our deliverance past, and our danger present
and to come, let us look up to God, and every man reform his own ways.
Besides we are come here amongst a Christian people, full of piety and
humanity: let us not bring that confusion of face upon ourselves, as to
show our vices or unworthiness before them. Yet there is more, for they
have by commandment (though in form of courtesy) cloistered us within these
walls for three days: who knoweth whether it be not to take some taste
of our manners and conditions? And if they find them bad, to banish us
straightways; if good, to give us further time. For these men that they
have given us for attendance may withal have an eye upon us. Therefore,
for God's love, and as we love the weal of our souls and bodies, let us
so behave ourselves, as we may be at peace with God, and may find grace
in the eyes of this people." Our company with one voice thanked me
for my good admonition, and promised me to live soberly and civilly, and
without giving any the least occasion of offense. So we spent our three
days joyfully, and without care, in expectation what would be done with
us when they were expired. During which time, we had every hour joy of
the amendment of our sick, who thought themselves cast into some divine
pool of healing, they mended so kindly (15) and so fast.
(15) Naturally.
The Governor-Priest
Relates the History of the City
The morrow after our three days were past, there came to us a new man,
that we had not seen before, clothed in blue as the former was, save that
his turban was white with a small red cross on the top. He had also a tippet
(16) of fine linen. At his coming in he did bend to us a little,
and put his arms abroad. We of our parts saluted him in a very lowly and
submissive manner; as looking that from him we should receive sentence
of life or death. He desired to speak with some few of us. Whereupon six
of us only stayed, and the rest avoided (17) the room. He said,
"I am by office Governor of this House of Strangers, and by vocation
I am a Christian priest; and therefore am come to you to offer you my service,
both as strangers, and chiefly as Christians. Some things I may tell you,
which I think you will not be unwilling to hear. The state hath given you
license to stay on land for the space of six weeks: and let it not trouble
you, if your occasions (l8) ask further time, for the law in this
point is not precise; and I do not doubt but myself shall be able to obtain
for you such further time as shall be convenient. Ye shall also understand
that the Strangers' House is at this time rich, and much aforehand; for
it hath laid up revenue these thirty-seven years, for so long it is since
any stranger arrived in this part; and therefore take ye no care; the state
will defray you all the time you stay. Neither shall you stay one day the
less for that. As for any merchandise ye have brought, ye shall be well
used, and have your return, either in merchandise or in gold and silver:
for to us it is all one. And if you have any other request to make, hide
it not; for ye shall find we will not make your countenance to fall by
the answer ye shall receive. Only this I must tell you, that none of you
must go above a karan (that is with them a mile and a half) from the walls
of the city, without especial leave."
(16) Scarf
worn about the neck.
(17) Left.
(18) Needs.
We answered, after we had looked awhile one upon another, admiring
this gracious and parent-like usage, that we could not tell what to say,
for we wanted words to express our thanks; and his noble free offers left
us nothing to ask. It seemed to us that we had before us a picture of our
salvation in heaven; for we that were awhile since in the jaws of death,
were now brought into a place where we found nothing but consolations.
For the commandment laid upon us, we would not fail to obey it, though
it was impossible but our hearts should be inflamed to tread further upon
this happy and holy ground. We added that our tongues should first cleave
to the roofs of our mouths ere we should forget, either his reverend person
or this whole nation, in our prayers. We also most humbly besought him
to accept of us as his true servants, by as just a right as ever men on
earth were bounden; laying and presenting both our persons and all we had
at his feet. He said he was a priest, and looked for a priest's reward;
which was our brotherly love, and the good of our souls and bodies. So
he went from us, not without tears of tenderness in his eyes, and left
us also confused with joy and kindness, saying amongst ourselves that we
were come into a land of angels, which did appear to us daily, and prevent
(19) us with comforts which we thought not of, much less expected.
(19) Anticipate.
The next day, about ten of the clock, the Governor came to us again,
and after salutations, said familiarly that he was come to visit us; and
called for a chair, and sat him down; and we, being some ten of us (the
rest were of the meaner sort, or else gone abroad), (20) sat down
with him; and when we were set, he began thus: "We of this island
of Bensalem (for so they called it in their language) have this: that by
means of our solitary situation, and of the laws of secrecy, which we have
for our travellers, and our rare admission of strangers, we know well most
part of the habitable world, and are ourselves unknown. Therefore because
he that knoweth least is fitted to ask questions, it is more reason, for
the entertainment of the time, that ye ask me questions than that I ask
you."
(20) Of inferior
rank or else gone out.
We answered that we humbly thanked him that he would give us leave
so to do: and that we conceived, by the taste we had already, that there
was no worldly thing on earth more worthy to be known than the state of
that happy land. But above all (we said) since that we were met from the
several ends of the world, and hoped assuredly that we should meet one
day in the kingdom of heaven (for that we were both part Christians), we
desired to know (in respect that land was so remote, and so divided by
vast and unknown seas from the land where our Saviour walked on earth)
who was the apostle of that nation, and how it was converted to the faith?
It appeared in his face that he took great contentment in this our question;
he said, "Ye knit my heart to you by asking this question in the first
place: for it showeth that you first seek the kingdom of heaven: and I
shall gladly, and briefly, satisfy your demand.
"About twenty years after the ascension of our Saviour it came
to pass that there was seen by the people of Renfusa (a city upon the eastern
coast of our island), within sight (the night was cloudy and calm), as
it might be some mile in the sea, a great pillar of light; not sharp, but
in form of a column or cylinder, rising from the sea a great way up towards
heaven; and on the top of it was seen a large cross of light, more bright
and resplendent than the body of the pillar. Upon which so strange a spectacle
the people of the city gathered apace together upon the sands, to wonder;
and so after put themselves into a number of small boats to go nearer to
this marvellous sight. But when the boats were come within about sixty
yards of the pillar they found themselves all bound, and could go no further,
yet so as they might move to go about, but might not approach nearer: so
as the boats stood all as in a theatre, beholding this light, as an heavenly
sign. It so fell out that there was in one of the boats one of our wise
men, of the Society of Solomon's House; which house or college, my good
brethren, is the very eye of this kingdom, who having awhile attentively
and devoutly viewed and contemplated this pillar and cross, fell down upon
his face; and then raised himself upon his knees, and lifting up his hands
to heaven, made his prayers in this manner:
" 'Lord God of heaven and earth, thou hast vouchsafed of thy grace,
to those of our order, to know thy works of creation, and the secrets of
them; and to discern (as far as appertaineth to the generations of men)
between divine miracles, works of nature, works of art, and impostures
and illusions of all sorts. I do here acknowledge and testify before this
people, that the thing which we now see before our eyes is thy finger,
and a true miracle. And forasmuch as we learn in our books that thou workest
miracles but to a divine and excellent end (for the laws of nature are
thine own laws, and thou exceedest them not but upon great cause), we most
humbly beseech thee to prosper this great sign, and to give us the interpretation
and use of it in mercy; which thou dost in some part secretly promise,
by sending it unto us.'
"When he had made his prayer, he presently found the boat he was
in movable and unbound; whereas all the rest remained still fast; and taking
that for an assurance of leave to approach, he caused the boat to be softly
and with silence rowed towards the pillar. But ere he came near it, the
pillar and cross of light broke up, and cast itself abroad, as it were,
into a firmament of many stars, which also vanished soon after, and there
was nothing left to be seen but a small ark or chest of cedar, dry, and
not wet at all with water, though it swam. And in the fore-end of it, which
was towards him, grew a small green branch of palm; and when the wise man
had taken it with all reverence into his boat, it opened of itself, and
there were found in it a book and a letter, both written in fine parchment,
and wrapped in sindons (21) Of linen. The book contained all the
canonical books of the Old and New Testament, according as you have them
(for we know well that the Churches with you receive), and the Apocalypse
itself; and some other books of the New Testament, which were not at that
time written, were nevertheless in the book. And for the letter, it was
in these words:
(21) Pieces.
" 'I Bartholomew, a servant of the Highest, and apostle of Jesus
Christ, was warned by an angel that appeared to me in a vision of glory
that I should commit this ark to the floods of the sea. Therefore I do
testify and declare unto that people where God shall ordain this ark to
come to land, that in the same day is come unto them salvation and peace
and goodwill from the Father, and from the Lord Jesus.'
"'There was also in both these writings, as well the book as the
letter, wrought a great miracle, conform (22) to that of the apostles,
in the original gift of tongues. For there being at that time, in this
land, Hebrews, Persians, and Indians, besides the natives, every one read
upon the book and letter, as if they had been written in his own language.
And thus was this land saved from infidelity (as the remain of the Old
World was from water) by an ark, through the apostolical and miraculous
evangelism of St. Bartholomew." And here he paused, and a messenger
came, and called him forth from us. So this was all that passed in that
conference.
(22) Similar.
The next day the same Governor came again to us, immediately after
dinner, and excused himself, saying that the day before he was called from
us somewhat abruptly, but now he would make us amends, and spend time with
us, if we held his company and conference agreeable. We answered that we
held it so agreeable and pleasing to us, as we forgot both dangers past
and fears to come, for the time we heard him speak; and that we thought
an hour spent with him was worth years of our former life. He bowed himself
a little to us, and after we were set again, he said, "Well, the questions
are on your part."
One of our number said, after a little pause, that there was a matter
we were no less desirous to know than fearful to ask, lest we might presume
too far. But encouraged by his rare humanity towards us (that could scarce
think ourselves strangers, being his vowed and professed servants), we
would take the hardiness to propound it; humbly beseeching him, if he thought
it not fit to be answered, that he would pardon it, though he rejected
it. We said we well observed those his words, which he formerly spake,
that this happy island where we now stood was known to few, and yet knew
most of the nations of the world, which we found to be true, considering
they had the languages of Europe, and knew much of our state and business;
and yet we in Europe (notwithstanding all the remote discoveries and navigations
of this last age) never heard any of the least inkling or glimpse of this
island. This we found wonderful strange; for that all nations have interknowledge
one of another, either by voyage into foreign parts, or by strangers that
come to them; and though the traveller into a foreign country doth commonly
know more by the eye than he that stayeth at home can by relation of the
traveller; yet both ways suffice to make a mutual knowledge, in some degree,
on both parts. But for this island, we never heard tell of any ship of
theirs that had been seen to arrive upon any shore of Europe; no, nor of
either the East or West Indies, nor yet of any ship of any other part of
the world that had made return from them. And yet the marvel rested not
in this; for the situation of it (as his lordship said) in the secret conclave
of such a vast sea mought cause it. But then, that they should have knowledge
of the languages, books, affairs, of those that lie such a distance from
them, it was a thing we could not tell what to make of; for that it seemed
to us a condition and propriety (23) of divine powers, and beings
to be hidden and unseen to others, and yet to have others open, and as
in a light to them.
(23) Property.
At this speech the Governor gave a gracious smile and said that we
did well to ask pardon for this question we now asked, for that it imported,
as if we thought this land a land of magicians, that sent forth spirits
of the air into all parts, to bring them news and intelligence of other
countries. It was answered by us all, in all possible humbleness, but yet
with a countenance taking knowledge, (24) that we knew he spake
it but merrily; that we were apt enough to think there was somewhat supernatural
in this island, but yet rather as angelical than magical. But to let his
lordship know truly what it was that made us tender and doubtful to ask
this question, it was not any such conceit, but because we remembered he
had given a touch (25) in his former speech that this land had laws
of secrecy touching strangers. To this he said, "You remember it aright;
and therefore in that I shall say to you, I must reserve some particulars,
which it is not lawful for me to reveal, but there will be enough left
to give you satisfaction.
(24) Acknowledging.
(25) Hinted.
"You shall understand (that which perhaps you will scarce think
credible) that about three thousand years ago, or somewhat more, the navigation
of the world (especially for remote voyages) was greater than at this day.
Do not think with yourselves that I know not how much it is increased with
you, within these six-score years; I know it well, and yet I say, greater
then than now; whether it was that the example of the Ark, that saved the
remnant of men from the universal Deluge, gave men confidence to adventure
upon the waters, or what it was; but such is the truth. The Phoenicians,
and specially the Tyrians, had great fleets; so had the Carthaginians their
colony, which is yet further west. Towards the east the shipping of Egypt,
and of Palestine, was likewise great. China also, and the Great Atlantis
(that you call America), which have now but junks and canoes, abounded
then in tall ships. This island (as appeareth by faithful registers of
those times) had then fifteen hundred strong ships, of great content. Of
all this there is with you sparing (26) memory, or none; but we
have large knowledge thereof.
(26) Slight.
"At that time this land was known and frequented by the ships
and vessels of all the nations before named. And (as it cometh to pass)
they had many times men of other countries that were no sailors that came
with them; as Persians, Chaldeans, Arabians, so as almost all nations of
might and fame resorted hither; of whom we have some stirps (27)
and little tribes with us at this day. And for our own ships, they went
sundry voyages, as well to your straits, (28) which you call the
Pillars of Hercules, as to other parts in the Atlantic and Mediterranean
Seas; as to Paguin (29) (which is the same with Cambaline) and Quinzy,
upon the Oriental Seas, as far as to the borders of the East Tartary.
(27) Families.
(28) Of Gibraltar.
(29) Peking.
"At the same time, and an age after or more, the inhabitants of
the Great Atlantis did flourish. For though the narration and description
which is made by a great man (30) with you, that the descendants
of Neptune planted there, and of the magnificent temple, palace, city,
and hill; and the manifold streams of goodly navigable rivers (which as
so many chains environed the same site and temple); and the several degrees
of ascent, whereby men did climb up to the same, as if it had been a scala
coeli, (31) be all poetical and fabulous; yet so much is true,
that the said country of Atlantis, as well that of Peru, then called Coya,
as that of Mexico, then named Tyrambel, were mighty and proud kingdoms,
in arms, shipping, and riches: so mighty as at one time (or at least within
the space of ten years), they both made two great expeditions; they of
Tyrambel through the Atlantic to the Mediterranean Sea; and they of Coya,
through the South Sea upon this our island; and for the former of these,
which was into Europe, the same author amongst you (as it seemeth) had
some relation (32) from the Egyptian priest, whom he citeth. For
assuredly such a thing there was. But whether it were the ancient Athenians
that had the glory of the repulse and resistance of those forces, I can
say nothing; but certain it is there never came back either ship or man
from that voyage. Neither had the other voyage of those of Coya upon us
had better fortune, if they had not met with enemies of greater clemency.
For the king of this island, by name Altabin, a wise man and a great warrior,
knowing well both his own strength and that of his enemies, handled the
matter so, as he cut off their land forces from their ships, and entoiled
(33) both their navy and their camp with a greater power than theirs,
both by sea and land, and compelled them to render themselves without striking
stroke; and after they were at his mercy, contenting himself only with
their oath that they should no more bear arms against him, dismissed them
all in safety.
(30) Plato
describes Atlantis in the Critias.
(31) A ladder
to Heaven. See Genesis, 28:12.
(32) Report.
(33) Trapped.
"But the divine revenge overtook not long after those proud enterprises.
For within less than the space of one hundred years the Great Atlantis
was utterly lost and destroyed; not by a great earthquake, as your man
saith (for that whole tract is little subject to earthquakes), but by a
particular deluge or inundation, those countries having at this day far
greater rivers and far higher mountains to pour down waters than any part
of the Old World. But it is true that the same inundation was not deep,
not past forty foot in most places from the ground, so that although it
destroyed man and beast generally, yet some few wild inhabitants of the
wood escaped. Birds also were saved by flying to the high trees and woods.
For as for men, although they had buildings in many places higher than
the depth of the water, yet that inundation, though it were shallow, had
a long continuance, whereby they of the vale that were not drowned perished
for want of food, and other things necessary.
"So as marvel you not at the thin population of America, nor at
the rudeness and ignorance of the people; for you must account your inhabitants
of America as a young people, younger a thousand years at the least than
the rest of the world, for that there was so much time between the universal
Flood and their particular inundation. For the poor remnant of human seed
which remained in their mountains peopled the country again slowly, by
little and little, and being simple and savage people (not like Noah and
his sons which was the chief family of the earth) they were not able to
leave letters, arts, and civility to their posterity; and having likewise
in their mountainous habitations been used (in respect of the extreme cold
of those regions) to clothe themselves with the skins of tigers, bears,
and great hairy goats, that they have in those parts; when after they came
down into the valley, and found the intolerable heats which are there,
and knew no means of lighter apparel, they were forced to begin the custom
of going naked, which continueth at this day. Only they take great pride
and delight in the feathers of birds, and this also they took from those
their ancestors of the mountains, who were invited unto it, by the infinite
flight of birds that came up to the high grounds, while the waters stood
below. So you see, by this main accident of time, we lost our traffic with
the Americans, with whom of all others, in regard they lay nearest to us,
we had most commerce.
"As for the other parts of the world, it is most manifest that
in the ages following (whether it were in respect of wars, or by a natural
revolution of time) navigation did everywhere greatly decay, and specially
far voyages (the rather by the use of galleys and such vessels as could
hardly brook the ocean) were altogether left and omitted. So then, that
part of intercourse which could be from other nations, to sail to us, you
see how it hath long since ceased; except it were by some rare accident,
as this of yours. But now of the cessation of that other part of intercourse,
which mought be by our sailing to other nations, I must yield you some
other cause. For I cannot say, if I shall say truly, but our shipping,
for number, strength, mariners, pilots, and all things that appertain to
navigation, is as great as ever; and therefore why we should sit at home,
I shall now give you an account by itself; and it will draw nearer, to
give you satisfaction, to your principal question.
"There reigned in this island about 1,900 years ago a king, whose
memory of all others we most adore; not superstitiously, but as a divine
instrument, though a mortal man: his name was Solamona; and we esteem him
as the lawgiver of our nation. This king had a large heart, inscrutable
for good, (34) and was wholly bent to make his kingdom and people
happy. He therefore taking into consideration how sufficient and substantive
(35) this land was to maintain itself without any aid at all of
the foreigner, being 5,600 miles in circuit, and of rare fertility of soil
in the greatest part thereof; and finding also the shipping of this country
mought be plentifully set on work, both by fishing and by transportations
from port to port, and likewise by sailing unto some small islands that
are not far from us, and are under the crown and laws of this state; and
recalling into his memory the happy and flourishing estate wherein this
land then was, so as it mought be a thousand ways altered to the worse,
but scarce any one way to the better; though nothing wanted to his noble
and heroical intentions, but only (as far as human foresight mought reach)
to give perpetuity to that which was in his time so happily established.
Therefore amongst his other fundamental laws of this kingdom he did ordain
the interdicts and prohibitions which we have touching entrance of strangers;
which at that time (though it was after the calamity of America) was frequent;
doubting (36) novelties and commixture of manners. It is true, the
like law against the admission of strangers without license is an ancient
law in the kingdom of China, and yet continued in use. But there it is
a poor thing; and hath made them a curious, ignorant, fearful, foolish
nation. But our lawgiver made his law of another temper. For first, he
hath preserved all points of humanity, in taking order and making provision
for the relief of strangers distressed; whereof you have tasted."
(34) Unfathomable,
inexhaustible.
(35) Self-sustaining.
(36) Fearing.
At which speech (as reason was) we all rose up, and bowed ourselves.
He went on:
"That king also still desiring to join humanity and policy together;
and thinking it against humanity to detain strangers here against their
wills; and against policy that they should return and discover (37)
their knowledge of this estate, he took this course: he did ordain that
of the strangers that should be permitted to land, as many (at all times)
mought depart as would; but as many as would stay should have very good
conditions, and means to live from the state. Wherein he saw so far, that
now in so many ages since the prohibition, we have memory not of one ship
that ever returned, and but of thirteen persons only, at several times,
that chose to return in our bottoms. What those few that returned may have
reported abroad I know not. But you must think whatsoever they have said
could be taken where they came but for a dream. Now for our travelling
from hence into parts abroad, our lawgiver thought fit altogether to restrain
it. So is it not in China. For the Chinese sail where they will or can;
which showeth that their law of keeping out strangers is a law of pusillanimity
and fear. But this restraint of ours hath one only exception, which is
admirable; preserving the good which cometh by communicating with strangers,
and avoiding the hurt: and I will now open it to you. And here I shall
seem a little to digress, but you will by and by find it pertinent.
(37) Reveal.
"Ye shall understand, my dear friends, that amongst the excellent
acts of that king, one above all hath the pre-eminence. It was the erection
and institution of an order, or society, which we call Solomon's House;
the noblest foundation, as we think, that ever was upon the earth, and
the lantern of this kingdom. It is dedicated to the study of the works
and creatures of God. Some think it beareth the founder's name a little
corrupted, as if it should be Solamona's House. But the records write it
as it is spoken. So as I take it to be denominate of the king of the Hebrews,
which is famous with you, and no stranger to us; for we have some parts
of his works which with you are lost; namely, that Natural History which
he wrote of all plants, from the cedar of Libanus (38) to the moss
that groweth out of the wall; and of all things that have life and motion.
This maketh me think that our king finding himself to symbolize, (39)
in many things, with that king of the Hebrews (which lived many years before
him) honored him with the title of this foundation. And I am the rather
induced to be of this opinion, for that I find in ancient records this
order or society is sometimes called Solomon's House, and sometimes the
College of the Six Days' Works; whereby I am satisfied that our excellent
king had learned from the Hebrews that God had created the world, and all
that therein is, within six days: and therefore he instituting that house,
for the finding out of the true nature of all things (whereby God mought
have the more glory in the workmanship of them, and men the more fruit
in the use of them), did give it also that second name.
(38) Lebanon.
(39) Agree.
"But now to come to our present purpose. When the king had forbidden
to all his people navigation into any part that was not under his crown,
he made nevertheless this ordinance: that every twelve years there should
be set forth out of this kingdom two ships, appointed to several voyages;
that in either of these ships there should be a mission of three of the
fellows or brethren of Solomon's House, whose errand was only to give us
knowledge of the affairs and state of those countries to which they were
designed; (40) and especially of the sciences, arts, manufactures,
and inventions of all the world; and withal to bring unto us books, instruments,
and patterns in every kind: that the ships, after they had landed the brethren,
should return; and that the brethren should stay abroad till the new mission.
These ships are not otherwise fraught than with store of victuals, and
good quantity of treasure to remain with the brethren, for the buying of
such things and rewarding of such persons as they should think fit. Now
for me to tell you how the vulgar (41) sort of mariners are contained
(42) from being discovered at land, and how they that must be put
on shore for any time, color (43) themselves under the names of
other nations, and to what places these voyages have been designed, and
what places of rendezvous are appointed for the new missions, and the like
circumstances of the practice, I may not do it, neither is it much to your
desire. But thus you see we maintain a trade, not for gold, silver, or
jewels, nor for silks, nor for spices, nor any other commodity of matter;
but only for God's first creature, which was light: to have light, I say,
of the growth of (44) all parts of the world."
(40) Assigned.
(41) Common.
(42) Kept.
(43) Disguise.
(44) Of the
kind found in.
And when he had said this he was silent, and so were we all; for indeed
we were all astonished to hear so strange things so probably told. And
he perceiving that we were willing to say somewhat, but had it not ready,
in great courtesy took us off, and descended to ask us questions of our
voyage and fortunes, and in the end concluded that we mought do well to
think with ourselves, what time of stay we would demand of the state, and
bade us not to scant (45) ourselves; for he would procure such time
as we desired. Whereupon we all rose up and presented ourselves to kiss
the skirt of his tippet, but he would not suffer us, and so took his leave.
But when it came once amongst our people that the state used (46)
to offer conditions to strangers that would stay, we had work enough to
get any of our men to look to our ship, and to keep them from going presently
to the Governor, to crave conditions; but with much ado we restrained them,
till we mought agree what course to take.
(45) Stint.
(46) Was
accustomed.
The Feast Day
of the Father or Tirsan
We took ourselves now for free men, seeing there was no danger of our
utter perdition, and lived most joyfully, going abroad and seeing what
was to be seen in the city and places adjacent, within our tedder; (47)
and obtaining acquaintance with many of the city, not of the meanest quality,
at whose hands we found such humanity, and such a freedom and desire to
take strangers, as it were, into their bosom, as was enough to make us
forget all that was dear to us in our own countries; and continually we
met with many things, right worthy of observation and relation; as indeed,
if there be a mirror in the world worthy to hold men's eyes, it is that
country.
(47) Limits;
tether.
One day there were two of our company bidden to a feast of the family,
as they call it; a most natural, pious, and reverend custom it is, showing
that nation to be compounded of all goodness. This is the manner of it.
It is granted to any man that shall live to see thirty persons descended
of his body, alive together, and all above three years old, to make this
feast, which is done at the cost of the state. The father of the family,
whom they call the Tirsan, two days before the feast taketh to him three
of such friends as he liketh to choose, and is assisted also by the Governor
of the city or place where the feast is celebrated, and all the persons
of the family of both sexes are summoned to attend him. These two days
the Tirsan sitteth in consultation, concerning the good estate of the family.
There, if there be any discord or suits between any of the family, they
are compounded (48) and appeased. There, if any of the family be
distressed or decayed, order is taken for their relief, and competent means
to live. There, if any be subject to vice or take ill courses, they are
reproved and censured. So likewise direction is given touching marriages,
and the courses of life which any of them should take, with divers other
the like orders and advices. The Governor assisteth, (49) to the
end to put in execution by his public authority the decrees and orders
of the Tirsan, if they should be disobeyed; though that seldom needeth,
such reverence and obedience they give to the order of nature. The Tirsan
doth also then ever choose one man from amongst his sons to live in house
with him; who is called ever after the Son of the Vine. The reason will
hereafter appear.
(48) Settled.
(49) Attends.
On the feast day, the father or Tirsan cometh forth after divine service
into a large room where the feast is celebrated; which room hath an half-pace
(50) at the upper end. Against the wall, in the middle of the half-pace,
is a chair placed for him, with a table and carpet before it. Over the
chair is a state (51) made round or oval, and it is of ivy; an ivy
somewhat whiter than ours, like the leaf of a silver asp, but more shining;
for it is green all winter. And the state is curiously wrought with silver
and silk of divers colors, broiding or binding in the ivy; and is ever
of the work of some of the daughters of the family, and veiled over at
the top, with a fine net of silk and silver. But the substance of it is
true ivy; whereof, after it is taken down, the friends of the family are
desirous to have some leaf or sprig to keep.
(50) Platform.
(51) Canopy.
The Tirsan cometh forth with all his generation or lineage, the males
before him, and the females following him; and if there be a mother from
whose body the whole lineage is descended, there is a traverse (52)
placed in a loft above, on the right hand of the chair, with a privy door,
and a carved window of glass, leaded with gold and blue, where she sitteth,
but is not seen. When the Tirsan is come forth, he sitteth down in the
chair; and all the lineage place themselves against the wall, both at his
back, and upon the return (53) of the half-pace, in order of their
years, without difference of sex, and stand upon their feet. When he is
set, the room being always full of company, but well kept and without disorder,
after some pause there cometh in from the lower end of the room a Taratan
(which is as much as an herald), and on either side of him two young lads,
whereof one carrieth a scroll of their shining yellow parchment and the
other a cluster of grapes of gold, with a long foot or stalk. The herald
and children are clothed with mantles of sea-water green satin; but the
herald's mantle is streamed with gold and hath a train.
(52) Screened
compartment
(53) Sides.
Then the herald with three curtsies, or rather inclinations, (54)
cometh up as far as the half-pace, and there first taketh into his hand
the scroll. This scroll is the king's charter, containing gift of revenue,
and many privileges, exemptions, and points of honor, granted to the father
of the family; and it is ever styled and directed. "To such an one,
our well-beloved friend and creditor," which is a title proper only
to this case. For they say, the king is debtor to no man, but for propagation
of his subjects. The seal set to the king's charter is the king's image,
embossed or molded in gold; and though such charters be expedited (55)
of course, and as of right, yet they are varied by discretion, according
to the number and dignity of the family. This charter the herald readeth
aloud; and while it is read, the father or Tirsan standeth up, supported
by two of his sons, such as he chooseth. Then the herald mounteth the half-pace,
and delivereth the charter into his hand; and with that there is an acclamation,
by all that are present, in their language, which is thus much, "Happy
are the people of Bensalem."
(54) Bows.
(55) Granted.
Then the herald taketh into his hand from the other child the cluster
of grapes, which is of gold; both the stalk and the grapes. But the grapes
are daintily enamelled; and if the males of the family be the greater number,
the grapes are enamelled purple, with a little sun set on the top; if the
females, then they are enamelled into a greenish yellow, with a crescent
on the top. The grapes are in number as many as there are descendants of
the family. This golden cluster the herald delivereth also to the Tirsan,
who presently delivereth it over to that son that he had formerly chosen
to be in house with him; who beareth it before his father, as an ensign
of honor, when he goeth in public ever after; and is thereupon called the
Son of the Vine.
After this ceremony ended the father or Tirsan retireth; and after
some time cometh forth again to dinner, where he sitteth alone under the
state as before; and none of his descendants sit with him, of what degree
or dignity so ever, except he hap to be of Solomon's House. He is served
only by his own children, such as are male; who perform unto him all service
of the table upon the knee, and the women only stand about him, leaning
against the wall. The room below the half-pace hath tables on the sides
for the guests that are bidden; who are served with great and comely order;
and towards the end of dinner (which in the greatest feasts with them lasteth
never above an hour and a half) there is a hymn sung, varied according
to the invention of him that composeth it (for they have excellent poesy);
but the subject of it is always the praises of Adam, and Noah, and Abraham;
whereof the former two peopled the world, and the last was the father of
the faithful; concluding ever with a thanksgiving for the nativity of our
Saviour, in whose birth the births of all are only blessed.
Dinner being done, the Tirsan retireth again; and having withdrawn
himself alone into a place where he maketh some private prayers, he cometh
forth the third time to give the blessing, with all his descendants, who
stand about him as at the first. Then he calleth them forth by one and
by one, by name as he pleaseth, though seldom the order of age be inverted.
The person that is called (the table being before removed) kneeleth down
before the chair, and the father layeth his hand upon his head, or her
head, and giveth the blessing in these words: "Son of Bensalem (or
daughter of Bensalem), thy father saith it; the man by whom thou hast breath
and life speaketh the word; the blessing of the everlasting Father, the
Prince of Peace, and the Holy Dove, be upon thee, and make the days of
thy prilgrimage good and many." This he saith to every of them; and
that done, if there be any of his sons of eminent merit and virtue (so
they be not above two), he calleth for them again, and saith, laying his
arm over their shoulders, they standing: "Sons, it is well ye are
born, give God the praise, and persevere to the end." And withal delivereth
to either of them a jewel, made in the figure of an ear of wheat, which
they ever after wear in the front of their turban, or hat. This done, they
fall to music and dances, and other recreations, after their manner, for
the rest of the day. This is the full order of that feast.
The Meeting
of the Narrator with Joabin the Jew
By that time six or seven days were spent, I was fallen into strait
(56) acquaintance with a merchant of that city, whose name was Joabin.
He was a Jew and circumcised; for they have some few stirps (57)
of Jews yet remaining amongst them, whom they leave to their own religion.
Which they may the better do, because they are of a far differing disposition
from the Jews in other parts. For whereas they hate the name of Christ,
and have a secret inbred rancor against the people amongst whom they live,
these, contrariwise, give unto our Saviour many high attributes, and love
the nation of Bensalem extremely. Surely this man of whom I speak would
ever acknowledge that Christ was born of a virgin and that he was more
than a man; and he would tell how God made him ruler of the seraphim, which
guard his throne; and they call him also the Milken Way, and the Eliah
of the Messiah, and many other high names, which though they be inferior
to his divine majesty, yet they are far from the language of other Jews.
(56) Close.
(57) Families.
And for the country of Bensalem, this man would make no end of commending
it, being desirous by tradition among the Jews there to have it believed
that the people thereof were of the generations of Abraham, by another
son, whom they call Nachoran; and that Moses by a secret cabala (58)
ordained the laws of Bensalem which they now use; and that when the Messiah
should come, and sit in his throne at Jerusalem, the King of Bensalem should
sit at his feet, whereas other kings should keep a great distance. But
yet setting aside these Jewish dreams, the man was a wise man and learned,
and of great policy, and excellently seen in the laws and customs of that
nation.
(58) Doctrine.
Amongst other discourses one day, I told him I was much affected with
the relation I had from some of the company of their custom in holding
the feast of the family, for that, methought, I had never heard of a solemnity
wherein nature did so much preside. And because propagation of families
proceedeth from the nuptial copulation, I desired to know of him what laws
and customs they had concerning marriage, and whether they kept marriage
well, and whether they were tied to one wife. For that where population
is so much affected, (59) and such as with them it seemed to be,
there is commonly permission of plurality of wives.
(59) Desired.
To this he said: "You have reason for to commend that excellent
institution of the feast of the family; and indeed we have experience that
those families that are partakers of the blessings of that feast do flourish
and prosper ever after in an extraordinary manner. But hear me now, and
I will tell you what I know. You shall understand that there is not under
the heavens so chaste a nation as this of Bensalem, nor so free from all
pollution or foulness. It is the virgin of the world. I remember I have
read in one of your European books of an holy hermit amongst you that desired
to see the Spirit of Fornication, and there appeared to him a little foul
ugly Aethiop. But if he had desired to see the Spirit of Chastity of Bensalem,
it would have appeared to him in the likeness of a fair beautiful Cherubin.
For there is nothing amongst mortal men more fair and admirable than the
chaste minds of this people. Know therefore that with them there are no
stews, no dissolute houses, no courtesans, nor any thing of that kind.
Nay they wonder (with detestation) at you in Europe, which permit such
things. They say ye have put marriage out of office, for marriage is ordained
a remedy for unlawful concupiscence, and natural concupiscence seemeth
as a spur to marriage. But when men have at hand a remedy more agreeable
to their corrupt will, marriage is almost expulsed. And therefore there
are with you seen infinite men that marry not, but chuse rather a libertine
and impure single life than to be yoked in marriage; and many that do marry,
marry late, when the prime and strength of their years is past. And when
they do marry, what is marriage to them but a very bargain, wherein is
sought alliance or portion (60) or reputation, with some desire
(almost indifferent) of issue, and not the faithful nuptial union of man
and wife, that was first instituted. Neither is it possible that those
that have cast away so basely so much of their strength should greatly
esteem children (being of the same matter) as chaste men do. So likewise
during marriage is the case much amended, as it ought to be if those things
were tolerated only for necessity? No, but they remain still as a very
affront to marriage. The haunting of those dissolute places or resort to
courtesans are no more punished in married men than in bachelors. And the
depraved custom of change, and the delight in meretricious embracements
(where sin is turned into art) maketh marriage a dull thing, and a kind
of imposition or tax. They hear you defend these things, as done to avoid
greater evils, as advoutries, (61) deflowering of virgins, unnatural
lust, and the like. But they say this is a preposterous wisdom, and they
call it Lot's offer, who to save his guests from abusing, offered
his daughters; nay, they say farther that there is little gained in this
for that the same vices and appetites do still remain and abound, unlawful
lust being like a furnace, that if you stop the flames altogether, it will
quench, but if you give it any vent, it will rage. As for masculine love,
they have no touch of it, and yet there are not so faithful and inviolate
friendships in the world again as are there; and to speak generally (as
I said before) I have not read of any such chastity in any people as theirs.
And their usual saying is, That whosoever is unchaste cannot reverence
himself; and they say, That the reverence of a man's self is, next
religion, the chiefest bridle of all vices."
(60) Downy.
(61) Adulteries.
And when he had said this the good Jew paused a little; whereupon I,
far more willing to hear him speak on than to speak myself, yet thinking
it decent that upon his pause of speech I should not be altogether silent,
said only this; that I would say to him, as the widow of Sarepta said to
Elias, (62) that he was come to bring to memory our sins; and that
I confess the righteousness of Bensalem was greater than the righteousness
of Europe. At which speech he bowed his head, and went on this manner.
(62) Elijah.
"They have also many wise and excellent laws touching marriage.
They allow no polygamy. They have ordained that none do intermarry, or
contract, until a month be past from their first interview. Marriage without
consent of parents they do not make void, but they mulct (63) it
in the inheritors; for the children of such marriages are not admitted
to inherit above a third part of their parents' inheritance."
(63) Punish
by a fine.
And as we were thus in conference, there came one that seemed to be
a messenger, in a rich huke, (64) that spake with the Jew; whereupon
he turned to me, and said, "You will pardon me, for I am commanded
away in haste." The next morning he came to me again, joyful as it
seemed, and said, "There is word come to the Governor of the city,
that one of the fathers of Solomon's House will be here this day seven-night;
we have seen none of them this dozen years. His coming is in state; but
the cause of his coming is secret. I will provide you and your fellows
of a good standing (65) to see his entry." I thanked him, and
told him I was most glad of the news.
(64) A kind
of cape with a hood.
(65) Standing place.
The day being come he made his entry. He was a man of middle stature
and age, comely of person, and had an aspect as if he pitied men. He was
clothed in a robe of fine black cloth, with wide sleeves, and a cape: his
under garment was of excellent white linen down to the foot, girt with
a girdle of the same; and a sindon or tippet of the same about his neck.
He had gloves that were curious, and set with stone; and shoes of peach-colored
velvet. His neck was bare to the shoulders. His hat was like a helmet,
or Spanish montero; (66) and his locks curled below it decently:
they were of color brown. His beard was cut round and of the same color
with his hair, somewhat lighter. He was carried in a rich chariot, without
wheels, litter-wise, with two horses at either end, richly trapped in blue
velvet embroidered; and two footmen on each side in the like attire. The
chariot was all of cedar, gilt, and adorned with crystal; save that the
fore-end had panels of sapphires, set in borders of gold, and the hinder-end
the like of emeralds of the Peru color. There was also a sun of gold, radiant
upon the top, in the midst; and on the top before, a small cherub of gold,
with wings displayed. The chariot was covered with cloth of gold tissued
upon blue. He had before him fifty attendants, young men all, in white
satin loose coats to the midleg; and stockings of white silk, and shoes
of blue velvet; and hats of blue velvet with fine plumes of divers colors
set round like hat-bands. Next before the chariot went two men, bare-headed,
in linen garments down to the foot, girt, and shoes of blue velvet, who
carried the one a crosier, the other a pastoral staff like a sheep-hook:
neither of them of metal, but the crosier of balmwood, the pastoral staff
of cedar. Horsemen he had none, neither before nor behind his chariot:
as it seemeth, to avoid all tumult and trouble. Behind his chariot went
all the officers and principals of the companies (67) of the city.
He sat alone, upon cushions, of a kind of excellent plush, blue; and under
his foot curious carpets of silk or divers colors, like the Persian, but
far finer. He held up his bare hand, as he went, as blessing the people,
but in silence. The street was wonderfully well kept; so that there was
never any army had their men stand in better battle-array than the people
stood. The windows likewise were not crowded, but every one stood in them,
as if they had been placed.
(66) A hunter's
cap with a flap.
(67) Guilds.
When the show was passed, the Jew said to me, "I shall not be
able to attend you as I would, in regard of some charge the city hath laid
upon me for the entertaining of this great person." Three days after
the Jew came to me again, and said, "Ye are happy men; for the father
of Solomon's House taketh knowledge of your being here, and commanded me
to tell you that he will admit all your company to his presence, and have
private conference with one of you that ye shall choose; and for this hath
appointed the next day after tomorrow. And because he meaneth to give you
his blessing, he hath appointed it in the forenoon."
Meeting with
the Father of the House of Solomon
We came at our day and hour, and I was chosen by my fellows for the
private access. We found him in a fair chamber, richly hanged, (68)
and carpeted under foot without any degrees to the state. (69) He
was set upon a low throne richly adorned, and a rich cloth of state over
his head, of blue satin embroidered. He was alone, save that he had two
pages of honor, on either hand one, finely attired in white. His under
garments were the like that we saw him wear in the chariot; but instead
of his gown, he had on him a mantle with a cape, of the same fine black,
fastened about him. When we came in, as we were taught, we bowed low at
our first entrance; and when we were come near his chair, he stood up,
holding forth his hand ungloved, and in posture of blessing; and we every
one of us stooped down, and kissed the hem of his tippet. That done, the
rest departed, and I remained. Then he warned the pages forth of the room,
and caused me to sit down beside him, and spake to me thus in the Spanish
tongue:
"God bless thee, my son; I will give thee the greatest jewel I
have. For I will impart unto thee, for the love of God and men, a relation
of the true state of Solomon's House. Son, to make you know the true state
of Solomon's House, I will keep this order. First, I will set forth unto
you the end of our foundation. Secondly, the preparations and instruments
we have for our works. Thirdly, the several employments and functions whereto
our fellows are assigned. And fourthly, the ordinances and rites which
we observe."
(68) Hung
with tapestries.
(69) Steps
to the canopy.
"The end of our foundation is the knowledge of causes, and secret
motions of things; and the enlarging of the bounds of human empire, to
the effecting of all things possible.
"The preparations and instruments are these. We have large and
deep caves of several depths; the deepest are sunk six hundred fathoms;
and some of them are digged and made under great hills and mountains; so
that if you reckon together the depth of the hill, and the depth of the
cave, they are, some of them, above three miles deep. For we find that
the depth of a hill, and the depth of a cave from the flat, is the same
thing; both remote alike from the sun and heaven's beams, and from the
open air. These caves we call the lower region, and we use them for all
coagulations, indurations, refrigerations, and conservations of bodies.
(70) We use them likewise for the imitation of natural mines, and
the producing also of new artificial metals, by compositions and materials
which we use, and lay there for many years. We use them also sometimes
(which may seem strange) for curing of some diseases and for prolongation
of life in some hermits that choose to live there, well accommodated of
all things necessary, and indeed live very long; by whom also we learn
many things.
(70) Thickening,
hardening, chilling, and preserving, for scientific research.
"We have burials (71) in several earths, where we put divers
(72) cements, as the Chinese do their porcelain. But we have them
in greater variety, and some of them more fine. We also have great variety
of composts and soils, for the making of the earth fruitful.
(71) Burial
places.
(72) Various.
"We have high towers, the highest about half a mile in height,
and some of them likewise set upon high mountains, so that the vantage
of the hill, with the tower, is in the highest of them three miles at least.
And these places we call the upper region, accounting the air between the
high places and the low as a middle region. We use these towers, according
to their several heights and situations, for insulation, refrigeration,
conservation and for the view of divers meteors (73)--as winds rain,
snow, hail; and some of the fiery meteors also. And upon them, in some
places, are dwellings of hermits, whom we visit sometimes, and instruct
what to observe.
New
Atlantis
End
of the Voyage and Entrance into the City